Browser-based storage planning
RAID Calculator
Visualize usable storage, redundancy, and wasted capacity before building your RAID array.
Step one
Configure drives and RAID
Choose a capacity to install a drive. Add the same size more than once or mix sizes to model an existing inventory.
No drives selected.
- Selected drives
- 0
- Total raw capacity
- 0 TB
- Drive mix
- No drives installed
Advanced optionsEstimate filesystem and reserved system capacity
RAID configuration
Select RAID to calculate
Choose one or more valid RAID types. Nothing is selected by default.Install drives to begin
Capacity, protection, and unused space will appear here as you build the enclosure.
Storage architecture reference
RAID at a glance
Capacity outcomes are estimates. Controller behavior, pairing, metadata, and vendor implementations can differ.
| RAID | Minimum drives | Usable capacity model | Fault tolerance | Typical use |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Basic | 1 | Sum of independent disks | None | Simple individual volumes |
| JBOD | 1 | Sum of all disks | None | Maximum pooled capacity |
| RAID 0 | 2 | N × smallest disk | None | Speed where data loss is acceptable |
| RAID 1 | 2 | Smallest disk | Mirror dependent | Straightforward mirroring |
| RAID 5 | 3 | (N − 1) × smallest disk | 1 drive | Capacity with single parity |
| RAID 6 | 4 | (N − 2) × smallest disk | 2 drives | Dual-parity resilience |
| RAID 10 | 4, even | Sum of mirror-pair minima | Pairing dependent | Performance and mirrors |
| SHR | 1 | Capacity-layer estimate | 1 drive when redundant | Flexible mixed-size arrays |
| SHR-2 | 4 | Dual-protected layers | 2 drives | Flexible dual protection |
Technical notes
Frequently asked questions
What is RAID?
RAID combines physical drives to target capacity, performance, availability, or a balance of those goals.
Does RAID replace backup?
No. RAID can improve availability during certain drive failures, but it does not protect against deletion, corruption, malware, theft, or a failed enclosure.
Why is some capacity unused?
Traditional RAID generally treats every member as if it were the size of the smallest drive. Larger members can therefore have capacity that does not participate.
Can I mix different drive sizes?
Often, yes, but capacity efficiency and supported layouts depend on the RAID implementation and storage controller.
What is RAID 5?
RAID 5 stripes data and distributed parity across at least three drives and can tolerate one member failure.
What is RAID 6?
RAID 6 uses dual distributed parity across at least four drives and can tolerate two member failures.
What is RAID 10?
RAID 10 stripes across mirrored pairs. It requires an even drive count; results can depend on drive pairing and controller behavior.
What are SHR and SHR-2?
They are represented here as educational capacity-layer estimates with one- or two-drive protection. Actual support and behavior differ by NAS vendor.
Why is TB different from TiB?
Drive makers use decimal terabytes: 1 TB is 10¹² bytes. A tebibyte is binary: 1 TiB is 2⁴⁰ bytes, so the same byte count has a smaller TiB number.